When I ran across this story today I was filled with both pain and hope. Christiane Amanpour, the international correspondent for CNN, interviewed Iphigenia Mukantabana, a woman whose husband and five children were slaughtered during the 100-day genocide in Rwanda in 1994. Amanpour also interviewed Jean-Bosco Bizimana, a neighbor who participated in the killing of Mukantabana’s family, a man she has forgiven and now shares meals with; whose wife she weaves “peace baskets” with.
Amanpour also interviewed Rwandan President Paul Kagame about how the country has focused on healing instead of revenge, on what unites them as Rwandans rather than what separates them as Hutus and Tutsis. I encourage you to watch the interviews. All three together take less than ten minutes.
I read this article and watched the interviews with a mixture of awe and perplexity. How can this woman forgive such horror? How could this man have participated in it? I have many questions. As I set them aside and simply watch her, I’m inspired by the grace of Iphigenia Mukantabana.
You can either read the story below or click on the title to go to the CNN site and read it there.
Woman opens heart to man who slaughtered her family
By Christiane Amanpour
CNN Chief International Correspondent
GITARAMA, Rwanda (CNN) — What does Macy’s have to do with healing from genocide? Nothing and everything.
Fourteen years after Hutu extremists killed between 800,000 and 1 million people — mostly Tutsis — in a devastating slaughter, Rwandan women are weaving peace baskets for sale at Macy’s in the United States. Not only does the work bring them a regular salary but the business is also fostering reconciliation between victim and perpetrator.
Iphigenia Mukantabana, a master weaver, sits in front of her house in Gitarama — an hour from the capital Kigali — making beautiful baskets with her friend, Epiphania Mukanyndwi.
In 1994 Mukantabana’s husband and five of her children were hacked and clubbed to death by marauding Hutu militias. Among her family’s killers was Jean-Bosco Bizimana, Mukanyndwi’s husband.
“In my heart the dead are dead and they cannot come back again,” Mukantabana said of those she lost. “So I have to get on with the others and forget what has happened.”
Forgetting and forgiving everything she lost, everything she witnessed.
“Women and girls were raped and I saw it all,” she told CNN. “The men and boys were beaten and then slaughtered. They told others to dig a hole get in, then they piled earth on top of them, while they were still alive.”
Yet today, Mukantabana shares her future and her family meals with Bizimana, the killer she knew, and his wife, her friend Mukanyndwi.
Bizimana did spend seven years in jail. He then went before a tribal gathering, part of a return to traditional ways by the new government in 2002 with Rwanda’s justice system unable to cope and process hundreds of thousands of imprisoned perpetrators.
The government decided that the master planners and worst perpetrators would face formal justice. But lower-level killers were allowed to publicly confess and apologize to the families of their victims at gacaca courts, where elders would hear grievances and decide on the punishments.
“In the gacaca court, I told them how we killed our fellow men and I asked for forgiveness in front of the court and the whole district was there,” Bizimana said.
“The people who died in this very area — I knew all of them because they were our neighbors.”
He places blame squarely on the extremist Hutu government at the time, and on vile radio broadcasts that urged on the killers during the 100-day slaughter.
“They were giving instructions all the time, that was from the government and so we thought it as the right thing because we were getting this instruction from the government,” Bizimana said.
He showed where he and a Hutu mob had killed 25 people, including members of Mukantabana’s family, a few yards from where he had just shared lunch with her. “We used machetes, hoes and wooden clubs,” he told CNN.
Mukantabana admits it was difficult to forgive. She said she did not speak to Bizimana or his wife for four years after the killings. What put her on the road to healing, she said, was the gacaca process.
“It has not just helped me, it has helped all Rwandans because someone comes and accepts what he did and he asks for forgiveness from the whole community, from all Rwandans,” she said.
Bizimana said he did just that.
“You go in front of the people like we are standing here and ask for forgiveness,” he said.
But despite his confession and apology, Iphigenia said reconciliation would not have happened unless she had decided to open her heart and accept his pleas.
“I am a Christian and I pray a lot,” she said, the pain etched in the lines on her face and around her sad eyes.
But the basket business also played a key role in forging forgiveness and reconciliation after the horror.
“We knew how to weave baskets,” Mukantabana explained. “It helped unite Rwandans in this area because they accepted me as the master weaver and I could not say ‘I am not taking your basket or I am not helping you because you did something bad to me.’ ”
Macy’s sold the first “peace baskets” in 2005 and officials say the deal generates between $300,000 and $400,000 a year. A Rwandan weaver can earn about $14 per week — a king’s ransom in a country where so many live on less than $1 per week.
The international project is a far cry from 1994, when the United States, Europe, the United Nations and the rest of the world turned away while the genocide went unchecked in Rwanda.
“They didn’t care, they were totally indifferent,” Rwandan President Paul Kagame told CNN in an interview in his office in Kigali.
He said the world thought Rwanda “was just another bloody African situation where people just kill each other and that’s it.”
Today Rwanda is an African success story. It has one of the fastest economic growth rates in the region, and one of the lowest crime rates, and lowest rate of HIV-AIDS. About one third of Rwanda’s cabinet are female ministers and 48 percent of parliamentarians are women — the highest anywhere in the world, according to the United Nations.
The country is clean because of a mandatory policy that sees even government ministers participate in clean-up once a month. Plastic bags are banned. The international business community praises Rwanda’s good governance and the absence of official corruption or graft.
Kagame is credited not just with turning Rwanda around, but with also being the driving force behind rejecting revenge.
“We were in danger of having another genocide,” he said.
“People were so badly aggrieved they could easily have turned on those they thought were responsible for this and actually killed them in another wave of killings. But that did not happen” he said. “We said building a nation is the most important thing.”
Now no one talks about Hutus or Tutsis, he explained. “There is Rwanda, there are Rwandans and the common interest we have for a better future for this country is more important than any other interest.”
In Gitarama, Bizimana said, “It hurts my heart to see that I did something wrong to friends of my family, to people who we even shared meals with,” he said. “I am still asking for forgiveness from the people I hurt.”
Amazingly many seem to have forgiven.